Overview
Migraines in kids are the same disease that affects adults, but it impacts them in different ways. Children’s migraines typically affect both sides of their head and attacks are often shorter. However, they can be disabling, causing children to miss school and sports.
What is a Migraine?
It's a neurological disease causing throbbing pain, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and extreme sensitivity to light, sound, and smell.
How common?
Up to 10% of children ages 5-15 and 28% of teenagers experience migraines. Before puberty, it affects both sexes equally; after, it's more common in girls.
The Four Stages of a Migraine
1. Prodrome: Warning phase (hours to days). Causes fatigue, irritability, and stiff neck.
2. Aura: Visual changes like flashing lights or blind spots. Usually lasts 5-60 minutes.
3. Headache: The attack phase. Throbbing pain often accompanied by nausea and light sensitivity.
4. Postdrome: The "migraine hangover." Feeling drained or exhausted for 1-2 days after the pain ends.
Common Triggers
What triggers an attack?
• Stress (School, Family)
• Lack of Sleep (Needs 8+ hours)
• Skipping Meals
• Menstruation (Hormones)
• Aged Cheeses & Nitrates
• Caffeine Withdrawal
• MSG (Doritos, Ramen)
• Weather Changes
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis is key. Keeping a Headache Diary helps your provider track frequency, duration, and triggers.
Lifestyle Fixes
Regular sleep, plenty of water, daily exercise, and stress management are the first lines of defense.
Medications
OTC pain relief (Ibuprofen) for mild cases. Triptans or preventive daily supplements (Magnesium) for severe frequency.
🚨 When to See a Provider Immediately
- Headache after head injury
- Headache that wakes them up
- Stiff neck or Fever
- Vision problems or Confusion
- Loss of balance
- Sudden, severe "thunderclap" pain
How to Help at Home
If your child has an active migraine:
- Encourage rest in a dark, quiet room.
- Place a cool washcloth across their forehead.
- Try to get them to take a nap.
- Administer medication as directed by their provider.
A Note from Tellus Medicus
There’s nothing worse than seeing your child in pain. An early diagnosis and understanding your child's specific triggers can help them lead an active, fulfilling life. We are here to support your family's journey to relief.